Analysis of Freon Leakage Causing a Decrease in Evaporator Performance on the Reefer Container Refrigerator Machine on the MV. NYK Vesta

Abstract

The decline in evaporator performance in the reefer container refrigerator engine on the MV. NYK Vesta during its journey from Nava Sheva, India to Rotterdam, Netherlands on September 16, 2024, became a serious problem because the temperature of the refrigerator compartment did not reach the setpoint of -22ºC, triggering the E809 alarm and increasing the risk of cargo damage. It was recorded that 2.5% of the total reefer containers experienced problems with different alarms. This study aims to analyze the causes of freon leaks in the condenser pipe leading to the expansion valve which resulted in decreased evaporator performance, the impact of the decreased evaporator performance, and anticipatory steps to prevent similar incidents from recurring in the reefer container refrigerator engine. The method used was a case study through participatory observation, checking the temperature, pressure, and volume of freon, and the use of a leak detector to find the leak point. The results showed that the freon leak reduced the pressure and volume of freon, so that the evaporator could not absorb heat optimally, the container temperature rose to +3ºC, and the compressor worked harder. Repairs involving valve isolation, brazing of leaking pipes with acetylene and O₂ gas, vacuuming the system, and recharging refrigerant successfully restored system performance. In conclusion, leaking freon circulation pipes were the primary cause of the decreased evaporator performance. Recommendations include regular inspection and maintenance, monitoring freon pressure and levels, and pipe coating to prevent corrosion, ensuring optimal cooling and safe cargo during shipping.